Element of computer
If you use a desktop computer, you might already know
that there isn't any single part called the "computer." A computer is
really a system of many parts working together. The physical parts, which you
can see and touch, are collectively called hardware.
(Software, on the other hand, refers to the
instructions, or programs, that tell the hardware what to do.)
Control Unit (CU):
How does the input device know that it is time for it
to feed data into the storage unit? How does the ALU know what should be done
with the data once they are received? All this is possible due to the control
unit of the computer system. It is coordinates all the functions. It’s received
the instructions, decodes them and passes them to the ALU for execution.
Function of this unit are:
· It retrieves instructions from the main memory
& determines what action is to be taken.
· It then retrieves the data required to be
processed from the main memory.
· It causes the CPU to actually carry out the
required operations & determines whether the required operations, have been
carried out or not.
· It places the processed results in the output
area of the memory.
· It fetches the next instructions from the
memory (and repeat the whole cycle of operation out lined above).
In addition to the above the control unit also oversees to ensure that the erroneous data does not enter into the system.
In addition to the above the control unit also oversees to ensure that the erroneous data does not enter into the system.
Arithmetic Logical Unit (ALU):
This unit contain two subsection Arithmetic Section:
Function of arithmetic section is to perform arithmetic operation like
addition, subtraction, multiplication & division. All complex operations are
done by making repetitive use of above operations.
· Logic section:
functions of logic section are to perform logic operations such as comparing,
selecting, matching and merging.
Memory or Storage Unit:
This unit store instruction, data & intermediate
results. This unit supplies information to the other units of the computer when
needed. It is also known as internal storage unit or main memory or primary
storage or random access memory (RAM). Its size affects speed, power &
capability. The main memory can be divided into four areas that have no fixed
or built-in-physical boundaries with in the memory.
